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1990年国际油污防备、响应和合作公约(附英文)

 

简介:

    国际海事组织于1990年11月19日至30日在伦敦召开了外交大会,有93个国家和17个国际组织代表或观察员出席了会议,香港也派员列席。会议通过了《1990年国际油污防备、响应和合作公约》。11月30日,包括中国在内的81个国家签署了公约的最终议定书。虽然受本国政府授权签署公约的有15个国家,但都声明有待批准。至1992年底,只有美国、瑞典、塞舌尔、埃及和澳大利亚正式加入该公约。公约的生效条件是15个国家加入,没有船舶总吨位约束条件。

    公约主要内容:

    本公约的目的是促进各国加强油污防治工作,强调有效防备的重要性,在发生重大油污事故时加强区域性或国际性合作,采取快速有效的行动,减少油污造成的损害。

    公约要求所有船舶、港口和近海装置都应具备油污应急计划,并且港口国当局有权对此进行监督检查。

    公约规定所有肇事船舶和其他发现油污事故的机构或官员应毫不延迟地向最近的沿岸国报告。各国在接到报告后应采取行动,并进行通报。

    公约还规定了各缔约国应建立全国性油污防备和响应体系;各国之间可建立双边或多边、地区性或国际性的技术合作。

    公约的附则对援助费用的偿还作了规定。

            1990年国际油污防备、响应和合作公约(由油污防备和响应国际合作会议通过的文本)

            

            全文

    本公约缔约国,

    意识到保护人类环境,特别是海洋环境的必要性,

    认识到船舶、近海装置、海港和油装卸设施的油污事故对海洋环境构成的严重威胁,

    注意到预防措施和防止工作对于在开始时避免油污的重要性,严格实施有关海上安全和防止海洋污染的现有国际文件,特别是经修正的《1974年国际海上人命安全公约》和经修正的《经1978年议定书修订的1973年国际防止船舶造成污染公约》的必要性,以及提高运油船舶和近海装置的设计、操作和保养标准的迅速发展,

    又注意到,在发生油污事故时,迅速有效的行动对于减少此种事故可能造成的损害是必要的,

    强调为抗御油污事故做好有效准备的重要性及石油和航运界在这方面具有的重要作用,

    进一步认识到在诸种事项中相互支援和国际合作的重要性,其中包括交换各国对油污事故响应能力的资料、制定油污应急计划、交换对海洋环境或各国海岸线和有关利益可能造成影响的重要事故的报告和研究与开发海洋环境中抗御油污的手段等,

    考虑到污染者付款的原则是国际环境法的普遍原则,

    还考虑到包括《1969年国际油污损害民事责任公约》(《责任公约》)、《1971年建立国际油污赔偿基金国际公约》(《基金公约》)在内的有关国际油污损害赔偿责任的国际文件的重要性,以及《责任公约》和《基金公约》的1984年议定书尽早生效的迫切需要,

    进一步考虑到包括区域性公约和协定在内的双边和多边协定和安排的重要性,

    注意到《联合国海洋法公约》,特别是其第部分的有关规定,

    认识到根据发展中国家,特别是小的岛屿国家的特别需要,促进国际合作,提高国家、区域和全球油污防备和响应能力的需要,

    考虑到缔结《国际油污防备、响应和合作公约》可以最好地达到上述目的,

    兹协议如下:

    第1条    

    (1)各缔约国承诺,按照本公约及其附件的规定,各自地或联合地对油污事故采取一切适当的防备和响应措施。

    (2)本公约的附则为本公约的组成部分,凡提及本公约,同时构成提及其附则。

    (3)本公约不适用于任何军舰、军用辅助船或由国家拥有或使用并在当时用于政府非商业性服务的其他船舶。但每一缔约国应采取不影响由其拥有或使用的这类船舶的作业或作业能力的适当措施,确保此种船舶在合理和可行时,以符合本公约方式活动。

    第2条    

    就本公约而言:

    (1)系指任何形式的石油,包括原油、燃油、油泥、油渣和炼制产品。

    (2)油污事故系指同一起源的一起或一系列造成或可能造成油的排放,对海洋环境或对一个或多个国家的海岸线或有关利益方构成或可能构成威胁,需要采取应急行动或其他迅速响应措施的事故。

    (3)船舶系指在海洋环境中营运的任何类型的船舶,包括水翼船、气垫船、潜水器和任何类型的浮动艇筏。

    (4)近海装置系指从事气或石油的勘探、开发或生产活动或油的装卸的任何固定或浮动的近海装置。

    (5)海港和油装卸设施系指具有油污事故风险的设施,尤其包括海港、油码头、管道和其他装卸油的设施。

    (6)本组织系指国际海事组织。

    (7)秘书长系指本组织的秘书长。

    第3条  油污应急计划

    (1)(a)每一缔约国应要求有权悬挂其国旗的船舶在船上备有由本组织为此目的通过的规定所要求的并符合此种规定的油污应急计划。

    (b)按本条(a)要求在船上应备有的油污应急计划的船舶,在某一缔约国管辖的港口或近海装卸站时,须根据现行国际协定或国内立法所规定的做法,接受由该缔约国正式授权的官员的检查。

    (2)每一缔约国应要求由其管辖的近海装置的经营人备有油污应急计划;该计划应与按第6条设立的国家系统相协调并按国家主管当局规定的程序核准。

    (3)每一缔约国应视情要求负责由其管辖的此种海港和油的装卸设施的当局或经营人备有油污应急计划或类似安排,此种计划或安排应与按第6条设立的国家系统相协调并按国家主管当局规定的程序核准。

    第4条  油污报告程序

    (1)每一缔约国应:

    (a)要求负责悬挂其国旗的船舶的船长或其他人员和负责由其管辖的近海装置的人员,将其船舶或近海装置发生或可能发生排油的任何事件及时报告给:

    (i)对于船舶,最近的沿海国;

    (ii)对于近海装置,管辖该装置的沿海国;

    (b)要求负责悬挂其国旗的船舶的船长和其他人员和负责由其管辖的近海装置的人员,将发现的海上排油或出现油迹的事件及时报告给:

    (i)对于船舶,最近的沿海国;

    (ii)对于近海装置,管辖该装置的沿海国;

    (c)要求负责由其管辖的海港和油装卸设施的人员,将任何排油和出现油迹的事件及时报告国家主管当局;

    (d)指示其海上巡视船舶或飞机及其他适当机构或官员,视情及时向国家主管当局或最近沿海国报告在海上或在海港或油装卸设施发现的排油或出现油迹的事件;

    (e)要求民用飞机驾驶员及时向最近沿海国报告发现的海上排油或出现油迹的事件。

    (2)按本组织制定的要求并根据本组织通过的导则和普遍原则,作出1(a)(i)中规定的报告。在可行时,应按照本组织制定的导则和普遍原则,作出1(a)(ii)、(b)、(c)和(d)中规定的报告。

    第5条  收到油污报告时的行动

    (1)缔约国每当收到第4条所述的报告或其他来源提供的污染信息时,应:

    (a)对事件做出评估,以判断是否发生了油污事故;

    (b)对油污事故的性质、范围和可能的后果做出评估;和

    (c)然后将该报告或污染信息连同下述资料及时通知其利益受到或可能受到该油污事件影响的所有国家;

    (i)评估的详细情况和已经或准备采取的任何处理该事故的措施;和

    (ii)进一步的相应资料,

    直至对该事故采取响应行动已经结束或这些国家已决定采取联合行动时为止。

    (2)当该油污事故严重到需要这样做时,各缔约国应直接地或在适当时通过有关的区域性组织或安排,将(1)(b)和(c)中所述的资料提供给本组织。

    (3)当油污事故严重到需要这样做时,促请受到该事故影响的其他国家直接地或在适当时通过有关的区域性组织或安排,将它们对其利益所受威胁的程度所做出的评估以及已经或准备采取的任何行动通知本组织。

    (4)各缔约国在与其他当事国和本组织交换资料和进行联系时,应尽可能使用本组织制定的油污报告系统。

    第6条  国家和区域的防备和响应系统

    (1)每一缔约国应建立对油污事故采取迅速和有效的响应行动的国家系统。此系统至少应包括:

    (a)指定:

    (i)负责油污防备和响应工作的国家主管当局;

    (ii)国家行动联络点。此种联络点应负责收受或发送第4条所述的油污报告;和

    (iii)有权代表该国请求援助或决定按请求提供援助的当局;

    (b)国家防备和响应应急计划,该计划包括各种公共或私人机构间的组织关系,考虑到本组织制定的导则。

    (2)此外,每一缔约国,在其力所能及的范围内,各自或通过双边或多边合作,并在适当时与石油界和航运界、港口当局及其他有关实体合作应设立:

    (a)与有关风险相称的最低水平的预先设置的抗溢油设备以及它们的使用方案;

    (b)油污响应组织的演习和有关人员培训的方案;

    (c)详细的油污事故响应计划和始终具备的通讯能力;和

    (d)对油污事故响应工作进行协调的机构或安排;如果需要,它们应具备调动必要的人力和物力的能力。

    (3)每一缔约国应确保直接地或通过有关的区域性组织或安排,向本组织提供下列最新资料:

    (a)上述1(a)中所述的当局和实体的地点、电信资料及(如果适当的话)其负责区域;

    (b)关于在接到请求时可向它国提供的油污响应设备和油污响应及海上救助方面专门技术的资料;和

    (c)其国家应急计划。

    第7条  油污响应工作的国际合作

    (1)各缔约国同意,在油污事故严重到需要这样做时,在受到或可能受到油污事故影响的任何缔约国提出请求时,它们将根据其能力和具备的有关人力和物力,为油污事故的响应工作进行合作并提供咨询服务、技术援助和设备。此种援助费用的资金应根据本公约附则所列规定处理。

    (2)请求援助的缔约国可要求本组织协助查找上述(1)中所述费用的临时资金来源。

    (3)按照适用的国际协定,每一缔约国均应采取必要的法律和行政措施,为下列事项提供便利:

    (a)从事油污事故响应工作或运输处理此种事故所需人员、货物、材料和设备的船舶、飞机和其他运输工具抵离其领土和在其领土内使用;和

    (b)上述(a)中所述人员、货物、材料和设备迅速进入、通过和离开其领土。

    第8条  研究和开发

    (1)各缔约国同意直接地和在需要时通过本组织或有关的区域性组织或安排,在推广和交流旨在提高当前油污防备和响应最新水平的研究和开发项目的成果方面进行合作,其中包括监视、围控、回收、消除、清除和其他减少或减轻油污影响和恢复的工艺技术。

    (2)为此,各缔约国承诺,直接地或在需要时通过本组织或有关的区域性组织或安排,在各缔约国的研究机构间建立必要的联系。

    (3)各缔约国同意,直接或通过本组织或有关区域性组织或安排进行合作,以促进在适当时经常性地举行包括抗油污技术和设备的发展在内的有关问题国际专题讨论会。

    (4)各缔约国同意,鼓励通过本组织或其他有关国际组织,制定相容的抗油污技术和设备的标准。


航运信息聚合者
发表于:2022-03-11 11:49
沙发

  第9条  技术合作

    (1)各缔约国承诺,直接或通过本组织或其他适当的国际机构,在油污防备和响应方面,向请求技术援助的当事国提供下述支援:

    (a)培训人员;

    (b)确保可获得有关的技术、设备和设施;

    (c)便利油污事故防备和响应的其他措施和安排;和

    (d)开展联合研究和开发项目。

    (2)各缔约国承诺,按照其国内法律、规则和政策,在转让油污防备和响应的技术方面积极合作。

    第10条  促进防备和响应方面的双边和多边合作

    各缔约国应努力缔结关于油污防备和响应的双边或多边协定。此种协定的副本应送交本组织;本组织应在缔约国要求时提供此种副本。

    第11条  与其他公约和国际协定的关系

    本公约的任何规定均不得被解释为可改变由其他公约和国际协定规定的任何缔约国的权利和义务。

    第12条  机构安排

    (1)在本组织同意和具备开展活动所需的充足的人力和物力的前提下,各缔约国指定本组织履行下述职责和开展下述活动:

    (a)资料服务;

    (i)收受、整理和应要求散发各缔约国提供的资料(参见第5(2)5(3)、6(3)和第10条和其他来源提供的有关资料;和

    (ii)在查找费用的临时资金来源方面提供帮助(参见第7(2)条);

    (b)教育和培训:

    (i)促进油污防备和响应方面的培训工作(参见第9条);和

    (ii)促进国际专题讨论会的举行(参见第8(3)条);

    (c)技术服务:

    (i)促进研究和开发方面的合作(参见第8(1)、(2)和(4)和9(1)(d)条);

    (ii)对建立国家或区域的响应能力的国家提供咨询;和

    (iii)分析缔约国提供的资料(参见第5(2)和(3)、6(3)和8(1)条)和其他来源提供的有关信息并向各国提供咨询和资料;

    (d)技术援助:

    (i)便利向建立国家或区域响应能力的国家提供技术援助;和

    (ii)应面临重大油污事故国家的要求,便利提供技术援助和咨询。

    (2)在执行本条所述的活动时,本组织应借鉴各国的经验,利用区域性协定和工业界安排,努力加强各国独自的或通过区域性安排的防备和抗御油污事故的能力,并对发展中国家的需要给予特别注意。

    (3)本条的规定应按本组织制订的方案执行并经常加以检查。

    第13条  公约的评估

    各缔约国应根据本公约的宗旨,特别是合作和援助的原则,在本组织内对本公约的有效性作出评估。

    第14条  修正案

    (1)本公约可以根据下列各款规定的某一程序予以修正。

    (2)经本组织审议后的修正案

    (a)本公约的缔约国提出的任何修正案,均应提交本组织,并应由秘书长在审议前至少六个月将其散发给本组织的所有会员国和所有缔约国。

    (b)按上述方式提出和散发的任何修正案,均应提交本组织的海上环境保护委员会审议。

    (c)本公约的缔约国,不论是否本组织的会员国,均有权参加海上环境保护委员会的会议。

    (d)修正案只能由出席会议并参加表决的本公约缔约国的三分之二多数通过。

    (e)修正案如按(d)获得通过,则秘书长应将其通知本公约的所有缔约国,以供接受。

    (f)(i)本公约条款或附则的修正案,在其被三分之二的缔约国接受之日即应视为已被接受。

    (ii)附录的修正案,在海上环境保护委员会于通过它时所确定的不少于十个月的时限满期时,即应视为已被接受,除非在此时限内,有不少于三分之一的缔约国通知秘书长表示反对。

    (g)(i)按(f)(i)被接受的本公约条款或附则的修正案,对于已通知秘书长接受该修正案的缔约国,应在修正案被视为已接受之日后六个月生效。

    (ii)按(f)(ii)被接受的附录的修正案,除在接受之日前已表示反对该修正案的缔约国外,对于其他所有缔约国,应在修正案被视为已接受之日后六个月生效。缔约国可通过向秘书长提供一份书面通知,随时撤销原先的反对。

    (3)会议通过的修正案:

    (a)应某一个缔约国要求并得到至少三分之一的缔约国同意,秘书长应召开本公约缔约国会议,审议本公约的修正案。

    (b)经此种会议由出席并参加表决的缔约国的三分之二多数通过的修正案,应由秘书长通知所有缔约国,以供接受。

    (c)除非会议另有规定,否则该修正案应被视为已按(2)(f)和(g)中规定的程序接受和生效。

    (4)构成附则或附录增补的修正案,应按适用于附则修正案的程序通过和生效。

    (5)任何缔约国,如未接受(2)(f)(i)规定的条款或附则的修正案或未接受(4)规定的构成附则或附录增补的修正案,或已通知反对(2)(f)(ii)规定附录的修正案,只对该修正案的适用范围而言,视为非缔约国。在其提交了(2)(f)(i)中规定的接受通知或提交了(2)(g)(ii)中规定的撤销反对的通知后,这种对待即应终止。

    (6)秘书长应将根据本条生效的任何修正案连同其生效日期通知所有缔约国。

    (7)依据本条规定对某一项修正案作出的接受、反对或撤销反对的通知,应以书面形式通知秘书长。秘书长应将此种通知书及其收到日期通知本公约缔约国。

    (8)本公约的附录只应包含技术性规定。

    第15条  签署、批准、接受、核准和加入

    (1)本公约自1990年11月30日至1991年11月29日止在本组织总部开放供签署,其后仍开放供加入。任何国家可以下列方式成为本公约的缔约国:

    (a)签署而不需批准、接受或核准;或

    (b)签署但有待批准、接受或核准,随后予以批准、接受或核准;或

    (c)加入。

    (2)批准、接受、核准或加入,应向秘书长交存一份相应文件。

    第16条  生效

    (1)本公约应在不少于15个国家已签署本公约而不需批准、接受或核准或已按第15条交存必需的批准、接受、核准或加入文件之日后十二个月生效。

    (2)对于在达到本公约的生效条件之后,但在生效之日以前交存批准、接受、核准或加入文件的任何国家,此种批准、接受、核准或加入应在本公约生效之日生效,或在该文件交存之日后三个月生效,以日期迟者为准。

    (3)对于在本公约生效之日后交存批准、接受、核准或加入文件的国家,本公约应在文件交存之日后三个月生效。

    (4)在本公约的修正案按第14条规定被视为已被接受之日后,任何批准、接受、核准或加入文件应适用于经修正的本公约。

    第17条  退出

    (1)任何缔约国,在本公约对其生效之日起满五年后,可随时退出本公约。

    (2)退出应向秘书长提交书面通知。

    (3)退出应在秘书长收到退出通知书后十二个月或在该通知书中所指明的任何更长时限满期后生效。


航运信息聚合者
发表于:2022-03-11 11:49
板凳

  第18条  保存人

    (1)本公约应由秘书长保存。

    (2)秘书长应:

    (a)将下列情况通知已签署或加入本公约的所有国家;

    (i)每一新的签署或批准、接受、核准或加入文件的交存及其日期;

    (ii)本公约的生效日期;和

    (iii)退出本公约的任何文件的交存及其收到日期和退出的生效日期。

    (b)将本公约核证无误的副本送交已签署或加入本公约的所有国家的政府。

    (3)本公约一经生效,保存人便应按《联合国宪章》第102条将一份核证无误的副本送交联合国秘书长,以供登记和公布。

    第19条  语言

    本公约正本一份,用阿拉伯文、中文、英文、法文、俄文和西班牙文写成;每种文本具有同等效力。

    下列具名者均经各自政府正式授权,特签署本公约,以昭信守。

    一九九年十一月三十日订于伦敦

            附则  援助费用的偿还

    (1)(a)除非在油污事故发生前已经缔结双边或多边的关于缔约国处理油污事故行动的财务安排的协定,各缔约国应按下列(i)和(ii)承担各方处理污染行动的费用;

    (i)如果某一缔约国的行动系应另一缔约国的明确请求而采取,则提出请求的缔约国应偿还提供援助的缔约国采取行动的费用。提出请求的缔约国可以随时取消其请求,但在此种情况下,它应承担提供援助的缔约国已经发生或承诺的费用。

    (ii)如果该行动系由某一缔约国主动采取,则该缔约国应承担其行动的费用。

    (b)除有关缔约国在个别情况下另有协议外,上述原则均适用。

    (2)除非另有协议,否则某一缔约国应另一缔约国请求而采取的行动的费用,应按提供援助的缔约国有关偿还此种费用的法律和现行做法公正地计算。

    (3)在适当时,请求援助的缔约国和提供援助的缔约国应在索赔诉讼结案方面进行合作。为此,它们应对现行法律系统给予适当考虑。如果以此种方式结案的诉讼不允许全额赔偿援助活动所发生的费用,则请求援助的缔约国可请求提供援助的缔约国放弃对超出赔偿额的费用的偿还或减少按上述第2款计算的费用。它也可请求推迟偿还这些费用。在考虑此种请求时,提供援助的缔约国应对发展中国家的需要给予适当考虑。

    (4)本公约的规定不应解释为在任何方面可损害缔约国根据国内和国际法的其它适用规定和规则要求第三方偿还处理污染或污染威胁的行动所花费的费用的权利。特别要注意《1969年国际油污损害民事责任公约》和《1971年设立油污损害赔偿国际基金国际公约》和这些公约其后的修正案。


航运信息聚合者
发表于:2022-03-11 11:50
地板

    INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION ON OIL POLLUTION  PREPAREDNESS,  RESPONSEAND CO-OPERATION, 1990

            

            Whole document

    

Text adopted by the Conference

    THE PARTIES TO THE PRESENT CONVENTION,

    CONSCIOUS of the need to preserve the human environment in general and

the marine environment in particular,

    RECOGNIZING the serious threat posed to the marine environment by oil

pollution incidents involving ships, offshore units, sea ports and oil

handling facilities,

    MINDFUL of the importance of precautionary measures and prevention in

avoiding oil pollution in the first instance, and the need for strict

application of existing international instruments dealing with maritime

safety and marine pollution prevention, particularly the International

Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974, as amended, and the

International Convention for the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 1973,

as modified by the Protocol of 1978 relating thereto, as amended, and also

the speedy development of enhanced standards for the design, operation and

maintenance of ships carrying oil, and of offshore units,

    MINDFUL ALSO that, in the event of an oil pollution incident, prompt

and effective action is essential in order to minimize the damage which

may result from such an incident,

    EMPHASISING the importance of effective preparation for combating oil

pollution incidents and the important role which the oil and shipping

industries have in this regard,

    RECOGNIZING FURTHER the importance of mutual assistance and

international co-operation relating to matters including the exchange of

information respecting the capabilities of States to respond to oil

pollution incidents, the preparation of oil pollution contingency plans,

the exchange of reports of incidents of significance which may affect the

marine environment or the coastline and related interests of States, and

research and development respecting means of combating oil pollution in

the marine environment,

    TAKING ACCOUNT of the "polluter pays" principle as a general principle

of international environmental law,

    TAKING ACCOUNT ALSO of the importance of international instruments on

liability and compensation for oil pollution damage, including the 1969

International Convention on Civil Liability for oil Pollution Damage

(CLC); and the 1971 International Convention on the Establishment of an

International Fund for Compensation for Oil Pollution Damage (FUND); and

the compelling need for early entry into force of the 1984 Protocols to

the CLC and FUND Conventions,

    TAKING ACCOUNT FURTHER of the importance of bilateral and multilateral

agreements and arrangements including regional conventions and agreements,

    

    BEARING IN MIND the relevant provisions of the United Nations

Convention on the Law of the Sea, in particular of its part XII,

    BEING AWARE of the need to promote international co-operation and to

enhance existing national, regional and global capabilities concerning oil

pollution preparedness and response, taking into account the special needs

of the developing countries and particularly small island States,

    CONSIDERING that these objectives may best be achieved by the

conclusion of an International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness,

Response and Co-operation,

    HAVE AGREED as follows:

 

            ARTICLE 1 General provisions

    

    (1) Parties undertake, individually or jointly, to take all

appropriate measures in accordance with the provisions of this Convention

and the Annex thereto to prepare for and respond to an oil pollution

incident.

    (2) The Annex to this Convention shall constitute an integral part of

the Convention and a reference to this Convention constitutes at the same

time a reference to the Annex.

    (3) This Convention shall not apply to any warship, naval auxiliary or

other ship owned or operated by a State and used, for the time being, only

on government non-commercial service. However, each Party shall ensure by

the adoption of appropriate measures not impairing the operations or

operational capabilities of such ships owned or operated by it, that such

ships act in a manner consistent, so far as is reasonable and practicable,

with this convention.


航运信息聚合者
发表于:2022-03-11 11:50
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    ARTICLE 2 Definitions

    

    For the purposes of this Convention:

    (1) "Oil" means petroleum in any form including crude oil, fuel oil,

sludge, oil refuse and refined products.

    (2) "Oil pollution incident" means an occurrence or series of

occurrences having the same origin, which results or may result in a

discharge of oil and which poses or may pose a threat to the marine

environment, or to the coastline or related interests of one or more

States, and which requires emergency action or other immediate response.

    (3) "Ship" means a vessel of any type whatsoever operating in the

marine environment and includes hydrofoil boats, air-cushion vehicles,

submersibles, and floating craft of any type.

    (4) "Offshore unit" means any fixed or floating offshore installation

or structure engaged in gas or oil exploration, exploitation or production

activities, or loading or unloading of oil.

    (5) "Sea ports and oil handling facilities" means those facilities

which present a risk of an oil pollution incident and includes, inter

alias, sea ports, oil terminals, pipelines and other oil handling

facilities.

    (6) "Organization" means the International Maritime Organization.

    (7) "Secretary-General" means the Secretary-General of the

Organization.

 

            ARTICLE 3 Oil pollution emergency plans

    

    (1) (a) Each Party shall require that ships entitled to fly its flag

have on board a shipboard oil pollution emergency plan as required by and

in accordance with the provisions adopted by the Organization for this

purpose.

        (b) A ship required to have on board an oil pollution emergency

plan in accordance with subparagraph (a) is subject, while in a port or at

an offshore terminal under the jurisdiction of a Party, to inspection by

officers duly authorized by that Party, in accordance with the practices

provided for in existing international agreements or its national

legislation.

    (2) Each Party shall require that operators of offshore units under

its jurisdiction have oil pollution emergency plans, which are

co-ordinated with the national system established in accordance with

article 6 and approved in accordance with procedures established by the

competent national authority.

    (3) Each Party shall require that authorities or operators in charge

of such sea ports and oil handling facilities under its jurisdiction as it

deems appropriate have oil pollution emergency plans or similar

arrangements which are co-ordinated with the national system established

in accordance with article 6 and approved in accordance with procedures

established by the competent national authority.

 

            ARTICLE 4 Oil pollution reporting procedures

    

    (1) Each Party shall:

        (a) require masters or other persons having charge of ships flying

its flag and persons having charge of offshore units under its

jurisdiction to report without delay any event on their ship or offshore

unit involving a discharge or probable discharge of oil:

            (i) in the case of a ship, to the nearest coastal State;

            (ii) in the case of an offshore unit, to the coastal State to

whose jurisdiction the unit is subject;

        (b) require masters or other persons having charge of ships flying

its flag and persons having charge of offshore units under its

jurisdiction to report without delay any observed event at sea involving a

discharge of oil or the presence of oil:

            (i) in the case of a ship, to the nearest coastal State;

            (ii) in the case of an offshore unit, to the coastal State to

whose jurisdiction the unit is subject;

        (c) require persons having charge of sea ports and oil handling

facilities under its jurisdiction to report without delay any event

involving a discharge or probable discharge of oil or the presence of oil

to the competent national authority;

        (d) instruct its maritime inspection vessels or aircraft and other

appropriate services or officials to report without delay any observed

event at sea or at a sea port or oil handling facility involving a

discharge of oil or the presence of oil to the competent national

authority or, as the case may be, to the nearest coastal State;

        (e) request the pilots of civil aircraft to report without delay

any observed event at sea involving a discharge of oil or the presence of

oil to the nearest coastal State.

    (2) Reports under paragraph (1) (a) (i) shall be made in accordance

with the requirements developed by the Organization and based on the

guidelines and general principles adopted by the Organization. Reports

under paragraph (1) (a) (ii), (b), (c) and (d) shall be made in accordance

with the guidelines and general principles adopted by the Organization to

the extent applicable.

 

          

航运信息聚合者
发表于:2022-03-11 11:51
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  ARTICLE 5 Action on receiving an oil pollution report

    

    (1) Whenever a Party receives a report referred to in article 4 or

pollution information provided by other sources, it shall:

        (a) assess the event to determine whether it is an oil pollution

incident;

        (b) assess the nature, extent and possible consequences of the oil

pollution incident;  and

        (c) then, without delay, inform all States whose interests are

affected or likely to be affected by such oil pollution incident, together

with

            (i) details of its assessments and any action it has taken, or

intends to take, to deal with the incident, and

            (ii) further information as appropriate,  until the action

taken to respond to the incident has been concluded or until joint action

has been decided by such States.

    (2) When the severity of such oil pollution incident so justifies, the

Party should provide the Organization directly or, as appropriate, through

the relevant regional organizations or arrangements with the information

referred to in paragraph (1) (b) and (c).

    (3) When the severity of such oil pollution incident so justifies,

other States affected by it are urged to inform the Organization directly

or, as appropriate, through the relevant regional organization or

arrangements of their assessment of the extent of the threat to their

interests and any action taken or intended.

    (4) Parties should use, in so far as practicable, the oil pollution

reporting system developed by the Organization when exchanging information

and communicating with other States and with the Organization.

      ARTICLE 6 National and regional systems for preparedness and  res-ponse

    

    (1) Each Party shall establish a national system for responding

promptly and effectively to oil pollution incidents. This system shall

include as a minimum:

        (a) the designation of:

            (i) the competent national authority or authorities with

responsibility for oil pollution p preparedness and response;

            (ii) the national operational contact point or points, which

shall be responsible for the receipt and transmission of oil pollution

reports as referred to in article 4; and

            (iii) authority which is entitled to act on behalf of the

State to request assistance or to decide to render the assistance

requested;

        (b) an national contingency plan for preparedness and response

which includes the organizational relationship of the various bodies

involved, whether public or private, taking into account guidelines

developed by the organization.

    (2) In addition, each Party, within its capabilities either

individually or through bilateral or multilateral co-operation and, as

appropriate, in co-operation with the oil and shipping industries, port

authorities and other relevant entities, shall establish:

        (a) a minimum level of pre-positioned oil spill combating

equipment, commensurate with the risk involved, and programmes for its

use;

        (b) a programme of exercises for oil pollution response

organizations and training of relevant personnel;

        (c) detailed plans and communication capabilities for responding

to an oil pollution incident. Such capabilities should be continuously

available; and

        (d) a mechanism or arrangement to co-ordinate the response to an

oil pollution incident with, if appropriate, the capabilities to mobilize

the necessary resources.

    (3) Each Party shall ensure that current information is provided to

the Organization,  directly or through the relevant regional organization

or arrangements, concerning:

        (a) the location, telecommunication data and, if applicable, areas

of responsibility of authorities and entities referred to in paragraph (1)

(a);

        (b) information concerning pollution response equipment and

expertise in disciplines related to oil pollution response and marine

salvage which may be made available to other States, upon request; and

        (c) its national contingency plan.

 

          

航运信息聚合者
发表于:2022-03-11 11:51
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  ARTICLE 7 International co-operation in pollution response

    

    (1) Parties agree that, subject to their capabilities and the

availability of relevant resources,  they will co-operate and provide

advisory services, technical support and equipment for the purpose of

responding to an oil pollution incident, when the severity of such

incident so justifies, upon the request of any Party affected or likely to

be affected. The financing of the costs for such assistance shall be based

on the provisions set out in the Annex to this Convention.

    (2) A Party which has requested assistance may ask the Organization to

assist in identifying sources of provisional financing of the costs

referred to in paragraph (1).

    (3) In accordance with applicable international agreements, each Party

shall take necessary legal or administrative measures to facilitate:

        (a) the arrival and utilization in and departure from its

territory of ships, aircraft and other modes of transport engaged in

responding to an oil pollution incident or transporting personnel,

cargoes, materials and equipment required to deal with such an incident;

and

        (b) the expeditious movement into, through, and out of its

territory of personnel, cargoes,  materials and equipment referred to in

subparagraph (a).


     ARTICLE 8 Research and development

    

    (1) Parties agree to co-operate directly or, as appropriate, through

the Organization or relevant regional organizations or arrangements in the

promotion and exchange of results of research and development programmes

relating to the enhancement of the state-of -the-art of oil pollution

preparedness and response, including technologies and techniques for

surveillance, containment, recovery, dispersion, clean-up and otherwise

minimizing or mitigating the effects of oil pollution, and for

restoration.

    (2) To this end, Parties undertake to establish directly or, as

appropriate, through the Organization or relevant regional organizations

or arrangements, the necessary links between Parties' research

institutions.

    (3) Parties agree to co-operate directly or through the Organization

or relevant regional organizations or arrangements to promote, as

appropriate, the holding on a regular basis of international symposia on

relevant subjects, including technological advances in oil pollution

combating techniques and equipment.

    (4) Parties agree to encourage, through the Organization or other

competent international organizations, the development of standards for

compatible oil pollution combating techniques and equipment.

 

            ARTICLE 9 Technical co-operation

    

    (1) Parties undertake directly or through the Organization and other

international bodies, as appropriate, in respect of oil pollution

preparedness and response, to provide support for those Parties which

request technical assistance:

        (a) to train personnel;

        (b) to ensure the availability of relevant technology, equipment

and facilities;

        (c) to facilitate other measures and arrangements to prepare for

and respond to oil pollution incidents; and

        (d) to initiate joint research and development programmes.

    (2) Parties undertake to co-operate actively, subject to their

national laws, regulations and policies, in the transfer of technology in

respect of oil pollution preparedness and response.

 

            ARTICLE 10 Promotion of bilateral and multilateral co-operation inpreparedness and response

    

    Parties shall endeavour to conclude bilateral or multilateral

agreements for oil pollution preparedness and response. Copies of such

agreements shall be communicated to the Organization which should make

them available on request to Parties.


航运信息聚合者
发表于:2022-03-11 11:52
8楼

    ARTICLE 11 Relation to other conventions and international  agree-ments

    

    Nothing in this Convention shall be construed as altering the rights

or obligations of any Party under any other convention or international

agreement.

 

            ARTICLE 12 Institutional arrangements

    

    (1) Parties designate the Organization, subject to its agreement and

the availability of adequate resources to sustain the activity, to perform

the following functions and activities:

        (a) information services:

            (i) to receive, collate and disseminate on request the

information provided by Parties (see, for example, articles 5 (2) and (3),

6 (3) and 10) and relevant information provided by other sources; and

            (ii) to provide assistance in identifying sources of

provisional financing of costs (see, for example, article 7 (2));

        (b) education and training;

            (i) to promote training in the field of oil pollution

preparedness and response (see, for example, article 9); and

            (ii) to promote the holding of international symposia (see,

for example, article 8 (3));

        (c) technical services:

            (i) to facilitate co-operation in research and development

(see, for example, articles 8 (1), (2) and (4) and 9 (1) (d));

            (ii) to provide advice to States establishing national or

regional response capabilities;  and

            (iii) to analyse the information provided by Parties (see, for

example, articles 5 (2) and (3), 6 (3) and 8 (1)) and relevant information

provided by other sources and provide advice or information to States;

        (d) technical assistance:

            (i) to facilitate the provision of technical assistance to

States establishing national or regional response capabilities; and

            (ii) to facilitate the provision of technical assistance and

advice, upon the request of States faced with major oil pollution

incidents.

    (2) In carrying out the activities specified in this article, the

Organization shall endeavour to strengthen the ability of States

individually or through regional arrangements to prepare for and combat

oil pollution industry arrangements and paying particular attention to the

needs of developing countries.

    (3) The provisions of this article shall be implemented in accordance

with a programme developed and kept under review by the Organization.

 

            ARTICLE 13 Evaluation of the Convention

    

    Parties shall evaluate within the Organization the effectiveness of

the Convention in the light of its objectives, particularly with respect

to the principles underlying co-operation and assistance.

 

           

航运信息聚合者
发表于:2022-03-11 11:52
9楼

 ARTICLE 14 Amendments

    

    (1) This Convention may be amended by one of the procedures specified

in the following paragraphs.

    (2) Amendment after consideration by the Organization:

        (a) Any amendment proposed by a Party to the Convention shall be

submitted to the Organization and circulated by the Secretary-General to

all Members of the Organization and all Parties at least six months prior

to its consideration.

        (b) Any amendment proposed and circulated as above shall be

submitted to the Marine Environment Protection Committee of the

Organization for consideration.

        (c) Parties to the Convention, whether or not Members of the

Organization, shall be entitled to participate in the proceedings of the

Marine Environment Protection Committee.

        (d) Amendments shall be adopted by a two-thirds majority of only

the Parties to the Convention present and voting.

        (e) If adopted in accordance with subparagraph (d), amendments

shall be communicated by the Secretary-General to all Parties to the

Convention for acceptance.

        (f) (i) An amendment to an article or the Annex of the Convention

shall be deemed to have been accepted on the date on which it is accepted

by two thirds of the Parties.

            (ii) An amendment to an appendix shall be deemed to have been

accepted at the end of a period to be determined by the Marine Environment

Protection Committee at the time of its adoption, which period shall not

be less than ten months, unless within that period an objection is

communicated to the Secretary-General by not less than one third of the

Parties.

        (g) (i) An amendment to an article or the Annex of the Convention

accepted in conformity with subparagraph (f) (i) shall enter into force

six months after the date on which it is deemed to have been accepted with

respect to the Parties which have notified the Secretary-General that they

have accepted it.

            (ii) An amendment to an appendix accepted in conformity with

subparagraph (f) (ii) shall enter into force six months after the date on

which it is deemed to have been accepted with respect to all Parties with

the exception of those which, before that date, have objected to it. A

Party may at any time withdraw a previously communicated objection by

submitting a notification to that effect to the Secretary-General.

    

    (3) Amendment by a Conference:

        (a) Upon the request of a Party, concurred with by at least one

third of the Parties,  the Secretary-General shall convene a Conference of

Parties to the Convention to consider amendments to the Convention.

        (b) An amendment adopted by such a Conference by a two-thirds

majority of those Parties present and voting shall be communicated by the

Secretary General to all Parties for their acceptance.

        (c) Unless the Conference decides otherwise, the amendment shall

be deemed to have been accepted and shall enter into force in accordance

with the procedures specified in paragraph (2) (f) and (g).

    (4) The adoption and entry into force of an amendment constituting an

addition of an Annex or an appendix shall be subject to the procedure

applicable to an amendment to the Annex.

    (5) Any Party which has not accepted an amendment to an article or the

Annex under paragraph (2) (f) (i) or an amendment constituting an addition

of an Annex or an appendix under paragraph (4) or has communicated an

objection to an amendment to an appendix under paragraph (2) (f) (ii)

shall be treated as a non-Party only for the purpose of the application of

such amendment. Such treatment shall terminate upon the submission of a

notification of acceptance under paragraph (2) (f) (i) or withdrawal of

the objection under paragraph (2) (g) (ii).

    (6) The Secretary-General shall inform all Parties of any amendment

which enters into force under this article, together with the date on

which the amendment enters into force.

    (7) Any notification of acceptance of, objection to, or withdrawal of

objection to, an amendment under this article shall be communicated in

writing to the Secretary-General who shall inform Parties of such

notification and the date of its receipt.

    (8) An appendix to the Convention shall contain only provisions of a

technical nature.



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    ARTICLE 15 Signature, ratification, acceptance,  approval and  ac-cession

    

    (1) This Convention shall remain open for signature at the

Headquarters of the Organization from 30 November 1990 until 29 November

1991 and shall thereafter remain open for accession. Any State may become

Party to this Convention by:

        (a) signature without reservation as to ratification, acceptance

or approval; or

        (b) signature subject to ratification, acceptance or approval,

followed by ratification,  acceptance or approval; or

        (c) accession.

    (2) Ratification, acceptance, approval or accession shall be effected

by the deposit of an instrument to that effect with the Secretary-General.

 

            ARTICLE 16 Entry into force

    

    (1) This Convention shall enter into force twelve months after the

date on which not less than fifteen States have either signed it without

reservation as to ratification, acceptance or approval or have deposited

the requisite instruments of ratification, acceptance, approval or

accession in accordance with article 15.

    (2) For States which have deposited an instrument of ratification,

acceptance, approval or accession in respect of this Convention after the

requirements for entry into force thereof have been met but prior to the

date of entry into force, the ratification, acceptance, approval or

accession shall take effect on the date of entry into force of this

Convention or three months after the date of deposit of the instrument,

whichever is the later date.

    (3) For States which have deposited an instrument of ratification,

acceptance, approval or accession after the date on which this Convention

entered into force, this Convention shall become effective three months

after the date of deposit of the instrument.

    (4) After the date on which an amendment to this Convention is deemed

to have been accepted under article 14, any instrument of ratification,

acceptance, approval or accession deposited shall apply to this Convention

as amended.

       ARTICLE 17 Denunciation

    

    (1) This Convention may be denounced by any Party at any time after

the expiry of five years from the date on which this Convention enters

into force for that Party.

    (2) Denunciation shall be effected by notification in writing to the

Secretary-General.

    (3) A denunciation shall take effect twelve months after receipt of

the notification of denunciation by the Secretary-General or after the

expiry of any longer period which may be indicated in the notification.


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            ARTICLE 18 Depositary

    

    (1) This Convention shall be deposited with the Secretary-General.

    (2) The Secretary-General shall:

        (a) inform all States which have signed this Convention or acceded

thereto of:

            (i) each new signature or deposit of an instrument of

ratification, acceptance,  approval or accession, together with the date

thereof;

            (ii) the date of entry into force of this Convention; and

            (iii) the deposit of any instrument of denunciation of this

Convention together with the date on which it was received and the date on

which the denunciation takes effect;

        (b) transmit certified true copies of this Convention to the

Governments of all States which have signed this Convention or acceded

thereto.

    (3) As soon as this Convention enters into force, a certified true

copy thereof shall be transmitted by the depositary to the

Secretary-General of the United Nations for registration and publication

in accordance with Article 102 of the Charter of the United Nations.

 

            ARTICLE 19 Languages

    

    This Convention is established in a single original in the Arabic,

Chinese, English,  French, Russian and Spanish languages, each text being

equally authentic.

    IN WITNESS WHEREOF the undersigned, being duly authorized by their

respective Governments for that purpose, have signed this Convention.

    DONE AT London this thirtieth day of November one thousand nine

hundred and ninety.

 

            ANNEX: Reimbursement of costs of assistance

    

    (1) (a) Unless an agreement concerning the financial arrangements

governing actions of Parties to deal with oil pollution incidents has been

concluded on a bilateral or multilateral basis prior to the oil pollution

incident, Parties shall bear the costs of their respective actions in

dealing with pollution in accordance with subparagraph (i) or subparagraph

(ii).

            (i) If the action was taken by one Party at the express

request of another Party,  the requesting Party shall reimburse to the

assisting Party the cost of its action. The requesting Party may cancel

its request at any time, but in that case it shall bear the costs already

incurred or committed by the assisting Party.

            (ii) If the action was taken by a Party on its own initiative,

this Party shall bear the costs of its action.

        (b) The principles laid down in subparagraph (a) shall apply

unless the Parties concerned otherwise agree in any individual case.

    (2) Unless otherwise agreed, the costs of action taken by a Party at

the request of another Party shall be fairly calculated according to the

law and current practice of the assisting Party concerning the

reimbursement of such costs.

    (3) The Party requesting assistance and the assisting Party shall,

where appropriate,  co-operate in concluding any action in response to a

compensation claim. To that end, they shall give due consideration to

existing legal regimes. Where the action thus concluded does not permit

full compensation for expenses incurred in the assistance operation, the

Party requesting assistance may ask the assisting Party to waive

reimbursement of the expenses exceeding the sums compensated or to reduce

the costs which have been calculated in accordance with paragraph (2). It

may also request a postponement of the reimbursement of such costs. In

considering such a request, assisting Parties shall give due consideration

to the needs of the developing countries.

    (4) The provisions of this Convention shall not be interpreted as in

any way prejudicing the rights of Parties to recover from third parties

the costs of actions to deal with pollution or the threat of pollution

under other applicable provisions and rules of national and international

law. Special attention shall be paid to the 1969 International Convention

on Civil Liability for Oil Pollution Damage and the 1971 International

Convention on the Establishment of an International Fund for Compensation

for Oil Pollution Damage and any subsequent amendment to those

Conventions.


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